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MCA
MCA (Melamine Cyanurate) is a high-performance, nitrogen-based, halogen-free flame retardant. It is a white powder characterized by high-temperature resistance, low migration, and excellent electrical properties.
It is primarily used in unreinforced polyamides (PA6 and PA66), achieving a UL94 V-0 rating at low dosage levels; it is also suitable for use in polymer materials such as TPU, rubber, and cable compounds.
Full Name: Melamine Cyanurate | Abbreviation: MCA | CAS No.: 37640-57-6 | Type: Nitrogen-based halogen-free flame retardant (preferred choice for pure PA6 and PA66 nylon)
二、 Physicochemical Properties
Appearance: Fine white crystalline powder; odorless; smooth/greasy feel
Molecular Weight: 255.2
Nitrogen Content: ≈49.4%
Thermal Decomposition Temperature: ≥320°C (suitable for high-temperature processing)
Moisture Content: ≤0.2%
Water Solubility: Very low solubility; resistant to water extraction; low moisture absorption
pH (Suspension): 5–7 (near neutral)
三、 Flame Retardant Mechanism (Primarily Gas-Phase)
Decomposes upon heating, absorbing significant heat; releases inert gases (such as nitrogen) to dilute oxygen and combustible smoke; scavenges combustion free radicals to interrupt the chain reaction; provides slight char formation for thermal insulation.
⚠️ Contains no phosphorus; not an intumescent flame retardant; difficult to achieve V-0 rating with glass fiber-reinforced nylon using MCA alone (usually limited to V-2).
四、Key Advantages and Disadvantages
✅ Halogen-free and eco-friendly; low smoke and non-toxic; RoHS compliant
✅ Low dosage required; cost-effective; efficiency in pure nylon far exceeds MPP
✅ Excellent electrical properties; high CTI (Comparative Tracking Index); suitable for electronic and electrical components
✅ Good compatibility with nylon; resistant to blooming or migration
✅ Processing stability; does not decompose or blister below 320°C
❌ Limitations: Flame retardant rating is limited when using MCA alone in glass fiber-reinforced nylon; poor flame retardant performance in PP or PE when used alone; negligible char-forming effect.
五、 Applicable Materials
Polyurethane (TPU), epoxy resins, rubber, EVA cable compounds, flame-retardant polyolefin blends.
Fire-retardant coatings, lubricant additives.
六、Recommended Dosage (1.6mm specimen)
Neat PA66: 8–12% for UL94 V-0 rating.
Neat PA6: 10–15% for V-0 rating.
Glass fiber-reinforced nylon: MCA alone typically achieves V-2; for V-0, switching to MPP (Melamine Polyphosphate) is recommended.
七、 Storage, Transport, and Packaging
25kg paper-plastic composite bags; store in a cool, dry, and sealed environment; protect from moisture. Not classified as a hazardous chemical.
